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Tampilkan postingan dengan label Komunikasi. Tampilkan semua postingan
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Organizational Sciences


Science is science important organization owned, as in life, we can not be separated from the organization. At the start of the simple environment of the family, to the complicated structure such as government organizations.
By Cyrill Suffer, organization is a union of people who were each given a specific role in a system of work, and the division of labor where the work was made clear to the tasks, compared between the role and then merged some of your results.
According to Kast and Roseneworg:
The organization is a sub-system of the broad, composed of people who are goal-oriented. Organizations can also be defined as a:
a. engineering sub-systems, namely those who use technical knowledge, equipment, and facilities.
b. structural sub-systems, that is, people who work together on a variety of integrated activities
c. sub-systems of social cycles, namely those involved in the linkage of social sub
d. sub-system of managerial planning and control of all business
Organization Itself
Organizations can be formed because of the people whose efforts must be coordinated composed of a number of subsystems that are interconnected and dependent, to work together on the basis of the division of labor and authority and has a specific goal to be achieved.
The reason for the importance of science Some organizations are:
1. is a basic part of our existence that includes aspects of community issues now. Kompleksivitas modern society makes us dependent on the organization.
2. By studying the organization we will be able to better develop our understanding of how organizations can be designed or arranged.
3. Study organization has tremendous practical value, both for now and in the future.
Thus, we can conclude that the organization is always needed and are present in every aspect of life, especially social life, and to facilitate the completion of a kompleksivitas system.
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Definition and characteristics of Mass Communication


Communication, in so many forms, has a role and a function quite large in people's lives. Watzalawick in Bradac and Bowers (1980) and even reveals that the human being can not not communicate. Every human being has the potential to communicate with each other when he was silent though. Human communication has some contexts depending on the number of communicators, the degree of physical proximity, the channel is available to the immediacy of sensory feedback (in Mulyana Cassandra, 71; 2002).
One of the context of this communication include mass communication. Cassandra (in Mulyana, 71; 2002) states that if the context of mass communication than other communication context it was explained that mass communication is a form of communication that has the most number of communicators, the degree of physical proximity to the lowest, sensory channels available are minimal and delayed feedback.
1. Definition of Mass Communication
The simplest definition of mass communication expressed by Bittner (in Grace, 2005: 186) "Mass communication is the message being communicated through mass media to large numbers of people". Meanwhile, Dominick (1996) argues that mass communication is a complex organization with the assistance of one or more machines to create and disseminate public messages aimed at the audience as well as large-scale heterogeneous and dispersed. Meletze (in Grace, 1998) itself and then gives the definition of mass communication can be interpreted as a form of communication that made the statement publicly through the media is indirectly technical deployment and the direction in populations of different communities scattered. As Rodman (2006) mentioned that mass communication consists of messages mediated (mediated messages) released to the public a large and dispersed.
From the definition, it can be concluded that mass communication is an activity of a person or an organization that produces a series of messages with the help of machines to be distributed to the audience a lot to be anonymous, heterogeneous and dispersed.

Source in the chart above are professionals or a large organization that acts as a gatekeeper. Book prepared by the gatekeeper to spread the message created by economic considerations, legal and ethical. Given the differences in interpretation of the role of each individual in the audience that cause effects at both the individual and community level.
Rodman (2006:9) states that this model increase the role of gatekeeper and limits the natural feedback. This is evident from how the gatekeeper to choose from an infinite source of news from entertainment and information to be exposed to the public.
2. Characteristics of Mass Communication
Similar to the definition of mass communication, mass communication was characteristic of having multiple versions of communications experts. Elizabeth Noelle Neuman (in Grace, 1983: 92) mentions four principal signs in mass communication are:
1. mass communication is indirect
2. mass communication is one-way
3. mass communication are open.
4. have a public who are geographically dispersed.
Rodman (2006:8) in his book Mass Media In A Changing World said mass communication differences with other types of communication are:
1. Slow feedback process and the interaction between the communicator and the communicant restricted.
2. Mass communication has a great effect and widespread.
3. The process of encoding and decoding through several stages (multistages) with the possibility of semantic disorder, natural and mechanical.
4. The message conveyed is public, expensive and easily lost.
5. Communicant has a huge number and can choose which message you want to access it.

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Science Communication


Why do we need to study the communication:

Ø People are ethnocentric

Ø Communication helps meet the needs of

Ø Creating a happier, healthier and more successful in work

Ø Communication is complex, dynamic, and are bound by culture, so it is necessary to learn

Ø Progress in science and technology


Communication: the delivery of messages between people who are feedback / meaning

The essence of communication:

Ø Business: the element of intent describing the communication patterns that cause a person to intentionally deliver a message to another human

Ø Submission of the message: the messaging learn not only about the message behavior

Communication Process:

The process of reciprocal interplay between individuals and ultimately grow to understand each other stimulus. Examples of the communication process: the current bid for something on the market, briefed the faculty and current students to discuss the fate of the nation's president

2 Category definition of communication:

Ø Observation / degree abstract:

§ Communication: a process that connects one part to another part of life

§ Communication: a tool for sending military messages (telegraph)

The function and purpose of the communication:

Ø Social Communication:

§ Build self-concept

§ Self-actualization

§ Survival

§ Obtain happiness

Ø Communication expressive:

§ Submission of feelings and emotions

§ Influencing others

Ø Communication ritual:

§ Fulfillment of human identity as a community member and as an element of the universe

Ø Communication instrumental:

§ To inform

§ To education

§ To entertain
§ To influence
 
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